One case of middle school students interpersonal maladjustment consulting case report

Abstract: This case describes a newborn who started because of maladaptive interpersonal psychological problems caused by young people in general counseling process. The students normally protected by the over-indulgent parents, dependent heart weight. Because of their irrational beliefs had a negative mood, and affect the learning experience. After diagnosis and analysis, the use of rational emotive therapy consultant to help visitors solve their psychological problems, secondary to gradually adapt to new relationships, the basic advice to achieve better results.
Keywords: psychological problems of junior high school students generally report cases of rational emotive therapy

1 General Information
1.1 basic personal information
Visitors, Zhang, male, 12 years old, junior middle school students, standing five feet six, normal posture, dress neatly. Working relationship with parents aged ago grandparents live, then back home after living with their parents. Over-indulgent parents, protection, less frustration. Formation within small, passive, dependent personality traits. Poor people to communicate with visitors, except their family rarely take the initiative to contact with others. No significant history of physical disease. No history of psychological counseling or psychological treatment.
Visitors complained of 1.2
Chief Complaint: after school, depression, anxiety, heart trouble, that psychological problems, asked his mother to take their advice. Opening date, the heart feel lonely, feeling not to make friends. Only class 1, 2, a good friend now, but I think his classmates should play well with me. Classes often take God, homesick, like my mother. Heart that can not go on like this, but do not know how to do.
1.3 Consultation response and others observed
First time visitors brought by the mother, has been holding mother's hand does not want her mother to leave the side, there is a strong psychological dependence. Just come in has been no talk, just kept looked around the environment. Conversation began to relax, speak with clear ideas, fluency, and methodical.
According to her mother's reflection visitors, visitors who rely on heavy heart, on the junior high school or parents transfer to school. Family members are pet him, let him work. When elementary school teacher because visitors to go with its more recent, his classmates thought he was teacher of the child, so he was very friendly. After entering junior high school, students take the eye to make love frustrated. Often said that depressed, mood is not high.
1.4 Assessment and Diagnosis
1.4.1 The main symptoms of visitors
(1) mental state: difficulty concentrating, heart trouble, anxiety, depression;
(2) physical status: According to recent medical reports showed no physical abnormalities, no organic disease;
(3) social function status: problems in social interaction, interpersonal tensions.
1.4.2 Diagnosis and diagnosis
1.4.2.1 The diagnosis of the visitors are: general psychological problems
1.4.2.2 diagnosis based on the following:
(1) according to the patient and the three principles of non-disease, meaning visitors informed coordinated, consistent, stable personality, with insight, seek medical attention, and no hallucinations, delusions and other psychotic symptoms, so you can rule out mental illness.
(2) because they do not know how to get along with new students resulting from inner conflict, and therefore experience negative emotions such as anxiety, distress, depression. Psychological conflicts associated with reality, reality is often shaped the conflict, so you can rule out neurological disorders.
(3) duration of less than two months of negative emotions.
(4) from beginning to end, negative emotions lead to limited initial event, there is no generalization. Visitors can learn the basic maintenance of normal life, but the efficiency decreased. Therefore excluded from serious psychological problems.
1.4.3 Etiology
(1) biological reason: no physical illness caused by psychological problems, no obvious biological reasons
(2) social reasons:
① excessive doting family life and protection to visitors from an early age do not develop the ability to self-care;
② lack of social support systems to help and guide: visitors encounter problems, their parents do not communicate well, and the school failed to take the initiative to adapt to the new students how to give enough attention to life and guide;
③ Since junior high school into the face of interpersonal stress after a certain extent, beyond the visitor's past experience and personality traits can withstand and respond to the range, leading to the visitors produced a series of painful and bad behavior.
(3) Psychological Analysis:
① obvious cognitive errors: that everyone should play well with him. This is the irrational belief in "absolute requirements";
② emotional reasons: anxiety, worry, loneliness and other negative emotions can not help themselves solve the problems brought about;
③ personal reasons: the formation of a small introverted, passive, dependent and self-centered personality.
2 counseling programs
2.1 Consulting the target
2.1.1 Specific goals and short-term goal
Based on the above assessment and diagnosis, after consultation with the visitors, first determine the specific objectives and short-term objectives: ① problems with the visitors approached the reasons for visitors to get emotional catharsis; ② change the irrational cognitive visitors way to help visitors understand themselves, accept themselves, identify their own strengths and weaknesses, learn to cope with life, interpersonal communication skills, rebuild self-confidence; ③ reduction in learning, life, dependent on their parents and teachers.
2.1.2 The ultimate goal of long-term goals and
In the specific goals and objectives based on the recent re-build cognitive models to gradually change the visitors in the past passive, dependent on lifestyle, to help visitors build active, open, sharing, understanding, interpersonal compatibility mode, to enhance their social ability to adapt, learn how to correctly deal with growing frustration. Ultimately promote the visitor's health and development, to achieve the perfect personality.
2.2 Consulting program development
2.2.1 Methods and Principles
Rational emotive therapy (RET) is the American psychologist Ellis in the 1950s pioneered a psychological theory and methods. This approach aims to purely speculative rational analysis and logical way to change the irrational beliefs of visitors, to help him solve their emotional and behavioral problems. This theory, also known as ABC theory, the theory, A is the trigger event; B on behalf of the individual's perception of the incident, interpretation and evaluation of that belief; C, following the incident on behalf of, the individual's emotional reactions and behavioral outcomes. Typically, one would think people's emotional and behavioral responses are directly caused by the induced event A, that is, A causes C. RET theory that the ABC, B is caused by people's emotional and behavioral responses of the more direct cause.
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